"Umphefumlo" weethiyetha kunye nee-opera: Indlela iinkqubo zesandi ezilungelelanisa ngayo ukubonakaliswa kobugcisasisandi

Kwiindawo zobugcisa zemiboniso bhanyabhanya kunye nezindlu ze-opera, sifuna ingxolo epheleleyo yeemvakalelo: amazwi abadlali ahlaba umphefumlo, imiboniso ye-orchestra egubungela umzimba, kunye nokuhanjiswa okucacileyo kwemigca evuselela uvelwano olungenamda. Abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba le ndawo kufuneka ibe bubukumkani besandi sendalo esicocekileyo. Sekunjalo, kwiindawo zemidlalo zanamhlanje ezinkulu, inkqubo yesandi yobuchwephesha egqwesileyo ayingeni kubugcisa kodwa "ngumphefumlo" otyhila ngokupheleleyo isandi sendalo kwaye wandise iimvakalelo ngokungenasiphelo. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukufezekisa isandi esilinganiselweyo "esingabonakaliyo" kubaphulaphuli, okuvumela itekhnoloji ukuba isebenze njengomkhonzi othembekileyo wobugcisa.

Isiqalo sayo yonke ibhalansi sisekubambeni ngentlonelo isandi esingacacanga.GIqonga le-rand kunye nokuhambisana okunamandla kwee-orchestra, ukusebenza kwabadlali kufikelela kwimida yabo ngokweentshukumo kunye nokungena. Okwangoku, iimayikrofoni ezikumgangatho ophezulu zidlala indima ebalulekileyo "njengabaphulaphuli abangabonakaliyo" ababalulekileyo.

Ezi microphone—mhlawumbi iimodeli ezinxibe entloko ezifihlwe kwiinwele zabadlali okanye ezifakwe kwiingubo ezinxitywe kwiingubo—zimele zibe novakalelo olukhethekileyo kunye nengxolo engaphantsi kakhulu. Injongo yazo ayikokutshintsha kodwa kukubamba ngokuthembeka: utshintsho oluncinci kumphefumlo womculi ngelixa esenza, ukungcangcazela okuthambileyo kweemvakalelo kwimigca ethethwa ngumdlali. Le yeyona ntlonelo iphambili kwinkqubo yokudala yomculi, ebonelela ngezinto ezicocekileyo neziyinyani zokwenziwa kwesandi esilandelayo.

Xa isandi sokwenyani sithathwe ngokugqibeleleyo, singena kwinqanaba eliphambili lokudalwa—ukuveliswa kwakhona kobugcisa kunye nokuphakama ngenkqubo yesandi yobungcali. Oku akupheleli nje ekukhuliseni ivolumu, kodwa kunoko yimifanekiso eqingqiweyo ye-acoustic enobuchule.

Inkqubo yesandi ephezulu, enezithethi eziphambili kunye nezithethi ezincedisayo ezifihliweyo kwisakhiwo soyilo, idala intsimi yesandi efanayo neyomeleleyo. Iprosesa yesandi yedijithali, esebenza "njengengqondo" yenkqubo, ngobuchule icubungula imiqondiso evela kwiimakrofoni: inokuphucula ngokucacileyo ukucaca kwesandi esiphakathi kwentetho, iqinisekisa ukuba umgca ngamnye ophambili ucaciswa kakuhle kwaye ubamba iimvakalelo; yongeza isaci esifanelekileyo sendawo kwiizwi zodwa, iwadibanisa ngaphandle komthungo neempawu ze-acoustic zethiyetha; kwaye ilawula ngokwamandla amanqanaba esandi, ivumela yonke into ukusuka ekuphefumleni ukuya kwisikhalo esibuhlungu ukuba yenziwe ngeeleya ezahlukeneyo kunye nenyani yendalo.

Zonke ezi mizamo zijolise kwinjongo enye: ukwenza isandi sibonakale ngathi sikhutshwe ngokwendalo kwindawo yomdlali, sixutywe kakuhle nezixhobo ze-acoustic kwindawo ye-orchestra. Abaphulaphuli bafumana impembelelo yobugcisa ephuculweyo, kungekhona umkhondo wezixhobo ze-elektroniki. Eli lixabiso lokwenyani lesandi sobuchwephesha esikumgangatho ophezulu—njengebhrashi engabonakaliyo, ihlaziya ngononophelo i-canvas yesandi ngaphandle kokubonisa ubukho bemivimbo yaso.

Xa i-aria yeqhawekazi, ephethwe yinkqubo yesandi, igcina ubume bendalo belizwi ngelixa igcwele ubukhulu obumangalisayo; xa imigca ebalulekileyo yedrama, edluliselwa ngemakrofoni, ihambisa yonke imvakalelo engabonakaliyo kwiintliziyo zabaphulaphuli, sibona umanyano olugqibeleleyo lwetekhnoloji kunye nobugcisa.