Ngokwesiqhelo kwindawo yesiganeko, ukuba abasebenzi abakwindawo abayiphathi kakuhle, imakrofoni iya kwenza isandi esirhabaxa xa ikufutshane nesithethi. Esi sandi sirhabaxa sibizwa ngokuba yi "howling", okanye "feedback gain". Le nkqubo ibangelwa sisignali yokufaka imakrofoni egqithisileyo, ephazamisa isandi esikhutshwayo kwaye ibangele ukubhomboloza.

Impendulo ye-acoustic yinto engaqhelekanga edla ngokwenzeka kwiinkqubo zokuqinisa isandi (PA). Yingxaki ekhethekileyo ye-acoustic kwiinkqubo zokuqinisa isandi. Kungathiwa iyingozi ekuveliseni isandi. Abantu ababandakanyeka kwi-audio yobungcali, ingakumbi abo bagxile ekuqiniseni isandi kwindawo, bayayithiya kakhulu i-speaker howling, kuba ingxaki ebangelwa yi-howling ayinasiphelo. Uninzi lwabasebenzi be-audio abaziingcali sele bephantse bazama ukuyisusa. Nangona kunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuyisusa ngokupheleleyo i-howling. I-acoustic feedback howling yinto ebangela ingxolo ebangelwa yinxalenye yamandla esandi adluliselwa kwi-microphone ngokudluliselwa kwesandi. Kwimeko enzima apho kungekho msindo, kuya kuvela ithoni yokukhala. Ngeli xesha, ngokuqhelekileyo kuthathwa njengento ebangela ingxolo. Emva kokunciphisa i-6dB, ichazwa njengengxaki ebangela ingxolo.

Xa imakrofoni isetyenziselwa ukufumana isandi kwinkqubo yokuqinisa isandi, kuba akunakwenzeka ukuthatha amanyathelo okwahlula isandi phakathi kwendawo yokuthatha imakrofoni nendawo yokudlala yesithethi. Isandi esivela kwisithethi sinokudlula ngokulula kwindawo ukuya kumakrofoni kwaye sibangele ukubhomboloza. Ngokubanzi, yinkqubo yokuqinisa isandi kuphela enengxaki yokubhomboloza, kwaye akukho mfuneko yokubhomboloza kwaphela kwinkqubo yokurekhoda nokubuyisela. Umzekelo, kukho izithethi zemonitha kuphela kwinkqubo yokurekhoda, indawo yokusetyenziswa kwemakrofoni kwisitudiyo sokurekhoda kunye nendawo yokudlala yezithethi zemonitha zahlulwe zodwa, kwaye akukho mfuneko yempendulo yesandi. Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa isandi sefilimu, iimakrofoni azisetyenziswa phantse, nokuba Xa usebenzisa imakrofoni, ikwasetyenziselwa ukuthabatha ilizwi elikufutshane kwigumbi lokubonisa. Isithethi semonitha sikude nemakrofoni, ngoko ke akukho mfuneko yokubhomboloza.

Izizathu ezinokubakho zokubhomboloza:

1. Sebenzisa imakrofoni kunye nezithethi ngaxeshanye;

2. Isandi esivela kwisithethi singadluliselwa kwimakrofoni ngesithuba;

3. Amandla esandi akhutshwa sisithethi makhulu ngokwaneleyo, kwaye uvakalelo lokuthatha imakrofoni luphezulu ngokwaneleyo.

Xa kwenzeka into yokubhomboloza, ivolumu yemakrofoni ayinakulungiswa kakhulu. Ukubhomboloza kuya kuba nzima kakhulu emva kokuba ivuliwe, nto leyo eya kubangela iziphumo ezimbi kakhulu ekusebenzeni okubukhoma, okanye into yokubhomboloza kwesandi yenzeka emva kokuba imakrofoni ivuliwe kakhulu (oko kukuthi, xa imakrofoni ivuliwe. Ingxaki yomsila wemakrofoni ivakala kwindawo ebalulekileyo yokubhomboloza), isandi sinomoya wokujikajika, nto leyo etshabalalisa umgangatho wesandi; Kwiimeko ezinzima, isithethi okanye i-amplifier yamandla iya kutsha ngenxa yesignali egqithisileyo, nto leyo eyenza ukusebenza kungakwazi ukuqhubeka ngokwesiqhelo, nto leyo ebangela ilahleko enkulu kwezoqoqosho kunye nokulahleka kodumo. Ngokwembono yenqanaba lengozi yesandi, ukuthula kunye nokubhomboloza zezona ngozi zinkulu, ngoko ke injineli yesithethi kufuneka ithathe ithuba elikhulu lokuphepha into yokubhomboloza ukuqinisekisa inkqubela eqhelekileyo yokuqiniswa kwesandi kwindawo.

Iindlela zokuthintela ngempumelelo ukukhala:

Gcina imakrofoni kude nezithethi;

Nciphisa ivolumu yemakrofoni;

Sebenzisa iimpawu zokukhomba zezithethi kunye neemayikrofoni ukuze uphephe iindawo zazo zokukhomba;

Sebenzisa i-frequency shifter;

Sebenzisa i-equalizer kunye ne-feedback suppressor;

Sebenzisa izithethi kunye neemayikrofoni ngokufanelekileyo.

Luxanduva lwabasebenzi besandi ukulwa ngokungagungqiyo ngokukhala kwezithethi. Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwetekhnoloji yesandi, kuya kubakho iindlela ezininzi zokususa nokuphelisa ukukhala. Nangona kunjalo, ngokwethiyori, akunakwenzeka ukuba inkqubo yokuqinisa isandi isuse umkhuba wokukhala, ngoko ke sinokuthatha amanyathelo afunekayo kuphela ukunqanda ukukhala kwindlela eqhelekileyo yokusebenzisa inkqubo.