Ulwahlulo lwesandi olusebenzayo lukwabizwa ngokuba yi-active frequency division. Kukuba isignali yesandi yenginginya yahlulwe kumbindi wokusetyenzwa kweyunithi yenginginya phambi kokuba yandiswe yisekethe yeamplifier yamandla. Umgaqo-siseko kukuba umqondiso we-audio uthunyelwa kwiyunithi yokucubungula ephakathi (CPU) yenginginya, kwaye iyunithi yokucubungula i-central ye-host audio signal ihlulwe ibe yi-low-frequency signal kunye ne-high-frequency signal ngokwe-frequency range-frequency range, kwaye ke imiqondiso emibini eyahlukanisiweyo igalelo kwisekethe yokukhulisa kwaye ikhuliswe ngokwahlukileyo. Indlela yokwahlula amaza yedijithali.

Ulwahlulo lwesandi sePassive, olukwabizwa ngokuba yi-passive frequency division, kukuba isiginali yomsindo ikhuliswa yisekethe yeamplifier yamandla ize yahlulwe yi-passive crossover, kwaye emva koko igalelo kwi-tweeter ehambelanayo okanye i-woofer. Umgaqo-siseko kukuba isandi esiphezulu sihluzwa yi-inductance circuit, sishiya isandi esiphantsi, emva koko sifake isandi esisezantsi kwi-woofer. Isandi esisezantsi sihluzwa yi-electrolytic capacitor kunye nesandi esiphezulu se-frequency sishiywe, kwaye emva koko singena kwi-tweeter. Indlela yokwahlula rhoqo ihlengahlengiswa ngokuxhathisa okuguquguqukayo.

Ulwahlulo lwesandi olusebenzayo kufuneka lube yeyona yunithi iphambili enomsebenzi wokwahlulahlula amaza okanye ukongeza i-digital active crossover emva kokuphuma komsindo weyunithi engundoqo. Ngokubanzi, iimodeli eziphezulu ze-Alpine iyunithi ephambili inomsebenzi osebenzayo wokwahlulahlula amaza. Ibonakaliswa ngamanqaku achanekileyo e-crossover kunye nokwahlulahlula rhoqo. Isandi sicocekile emva kokwahlulwa kwamaza.

Izandisi-lizwi ezisebenzayo zisetyenziswa ngabantu abaninzi. Izandisi-lizwi ezincinci ze-Walkman zisandisi-lizwi esisebenzayo, oko kukuthi, iseti yezandisi-lizwi zongezwa kwibhokisi yesandisi-lizwi ngokubanzi. Xa sifuna ukuyisebenzisa, sifuna kuphela inqanaba elingaphambili kwaye hayi inqanaba elingasemva. I-internal esebenzayo isebenzisa indlela yokwahlula isandi se-elektroniki, kwaye isusa inkathazo yokudibanisa kunye nesigaba esifanelekileyo sangemva; isandisi-lizwi esingenakwenziwa sisandisi-lizwi esiqhelekileyo esinothungelwano olunye kuphela olunqumlayo ngaphakathi.

Inqanaba langaphambili elisebenzayo linqanaba langaphambili le-IC, i-transistor, kunye ne-vacuum tube esiyibona ngokubanzi. Unempembelelo yokukhulisa xa isignali ingena kwaye iphuma. Olu hlobo lwenqanaba langaphambili lunokusebenzisa ukusebenza okuphezulu okuguquguqukayo, kwaye iimpawu zemodeli nganye zikwahluke kwi-timbre. Inqanaba elingaphambili le-passive lisisithinteli solawulo lwevolumu, imveliso yaso iya kuba ncinci kunegalelo, kodwa imeko yonikezelo lwethowuni incinci, idla ngokuba ngumahluko omncinci, hayi njenge amplifier esebenzayo yeqonga langaphambili lahluke kakhulu.