I-Acousticuphando lubonisa ukuba iindawo ezisebenzisaiinkqubo zoluhlu lwemigca ezikrelekreleingaphucukaintsimi yesandiukufana ngaphakathi kwe-± 3 decibels kunye nokunyusa ukucaca kwentetho nge-45%

Kwiinkundla zemidlalo, kwiindawo zendibano, okanye kwiindawo ezivulekileyo ezihlala amawaka abantu, izinto zemveliiinkqubo zesandiujongene nomngeni obalulekileyo:isandiAmaza ayancipha ngokwendalo emoyeni, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umqolo ongaphambili ube nomsindo kodwa umqolo ongasemva ungeva kakuhle. Kule mihla, iinkqubo zesandi ezisekwe kubuchwepheshe bokwenza imisebe ziphinda zichaze imithetho ye-acoustic yeendawo ezinkulu ngokusebenzisa "ubugcisa bazo bokuqondisa" obuchanekileyo.

Impumelelo ephambili yesithethi se-line arrayisandiIlele ekwakhiweni ngokutsha kwenzululwazi kwendlela yokusasazwa kwamaza esandi. Ngokungafaniyo nokusasazwa okungqukuva komthombo wentsusa wendabukoizithethi, izithethi ze-line arrayivelisa amaza ajikelezayo ajolise kakhulu ngokusebenzisa umsebenzi odibeneyo weeyunithi ezininzi ezicwangciswe ngokuthe nkqo. Olu hlobo lwezandi lunokukhokelwa ngokuchanekileyo njengomsebe wokukhangela, lujolise amandla kwaye luwakhuphele kwindawo yabaphulaphuli, endaweni yokuba lusasazeke esibhakabhakeni nakwindawo engasebenziyo. Kwicandelo le-acoustics, obu buchwephesha bubizwa ngokuba "yi-beam forming" - ngokubala ngokuchanekileyo,iiprosesalawula isigaba kunye nobukhulu beyunithi nganye ukuze wenze imitha yesandi enokuthi "igobe" kwaye ivumelane nezakhiwo ezikhethekileyo zeendawo ezahlukeneyo.

Ukuphunyezwa kweiinkqubo zesandi ezikumgangatho ophezuluIxhomekeke kwiziko lekhompyutha elinamandla. Iprosesa yenkqubo yenza imodeli ye-3D yendawo ngaphambi kokufakwa, kwaye ibala ngokuchanekileyo i-engile yokumiswa kunye neeparamitha zokulibaziseka zesithethi ngasinye somgca ngokusekelwe kwidatha ye-acoustic eqokelelwe yi-measuring.imakrofoniNgexesha lemisebenzi eyenziwa kwindawo,iprosesaIhlala ijonga utshintsho olungqongileyo - ubushushu, ukufuma, kunye nesantya somoya zonke ezi zinto zichaphazela isantya sesandi. Inkqubo ilungisa ukulibaziseka kwesignali nge-sequencer ukuqinisekisa ukuba onke amaza esandi afika kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo ngaxeshanye. Uyilo oludibeneyo lweii-amplifier zobungcalikwayeii-amplifier zedijithaliinika amandla azinzileyo, apho eyokuqala iqinisekisa ukuphuma koxinzelelo lwesandi oluphambili kwaye eyesibini iqhuba iinkqubo ezincedisayo ngokufanelekileyo. Olu dibaniso lunciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngelixa luqinisekisaumgangatho wesandi.

Izilinganisizidlala indima ekulungiseni kakuhle inkqubo. Iimpawu zokufunxa kunye nokubonakalisa isandi ziyahluka kakhulu phakathi kwezixhobo zokwakha (isinyithi, iglasi, ikhonkrithi) kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ii-equalizers zinokubuyisela okanye zicinezele iibhendi ezithile zefrikhwensi ngendlela ekujoliswe kuyo. Umzekelo, iindawo ezineendonga zekhethini zeglasi ezininzi kufuneka zinciphise ngokufanelekileyo ukubonakalisa kwefrikhwensi ephezulu, ngelixa izakhiwo zekhonkrithi kufuneka ziphucule ukusebenza kwefrikhwensi ephakathi.umthinteli wempenduloihlala ikhusela uzinzo lwenkqubo. Xa umninimzi ephethe i-imakrofoni engenazingcingo ephathwayokwaye ihamba eqongeni, iqonda ngobuchule imvamisa enokubangela ukubethelwa kwekhwelo kwaye iyicinezele kwangaphambili ukuqinisekisa ukuba umsebenzi uhamba kakuhle.

Iinkqubo zeemakrofoni ezingenazingcingobajongene nemingeni ekhethekileyo kwiindawo ezinkulu.Iimakrofoni ezingenazingcingo eziphathwa ngesandla zezinga lobuchwepheshaSebenzisa iteknoloji yokwamkela umahluko webhendi ye-UHF, enokugcina unxibelelwano oluzinzileyo kwiindawo ezintsonkothileyo ze-electromagnetic. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, itshiphu ekrelekrele eyakhelwe kwimakrofoni inokuyibona indawo yomsebenzisi kunye nomgama ngexesha langempela, kwaye iprosesa ilungisa ngokuguquguqukayo iiparameter ze-gain kunye ne-equalization ngokusekelwe koku - inciphisa ngokuzenzekelayo i-gain xa isithethi sisondela kwisithethi esiphambili, kwaye isandise ngokufanelekileyo xa sisuka, iqinisekisa ukuba isandi sihlala sicacile kwaye sihambelana. Umsebenzi wokubambisana we-multipleiimayikrofoninayo iyilwe ngononophelo, kwaye inkqubo inokulinganisela ngokuzenzekelayo umthamo weemayikrofoni ezahlukeneyo, iphephe iimeko apho ezinyeizithethi'Amazwi ayabonakala ngelixa amanye evalelwe ngaphandle. Abakrelekreleumxube wesandiInika abaqhubi ujongano lolawulo oluqondakalayo. Uhlengahlengiso lweparamitha oluntsonkothileyo oluqhelekileyo olufuna iinjineli ezingoochwephesha ukuba zisebenze ngoku luye lwenziwa lula kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zemiboniso ecacileyo: imo yemidlalo yemidlalo igxila ekucaceni kwengcaciso kunye nokudalwa kwemeko ephilayo, imo yekonsathi igxininisa amandla kunye nolawulo lomculo, kwaye imo yenkomfa iphucula ukucaca kunye nokuqondakala kwelizwi. Umqhubi unokulungisa intsimi yesandi yentsimi yonke ngesikrini sokuchukumisa, kwaye i-sequencer iqinisekisa ukuba zonke izixhobo zisebenza kunye ngokwenkqubo emiselweyo.

Ukuziqhelanisa nokusingqongileyo yindlela ebalaseleyo yanamhlanjeiinkqubo zesandi zobungcaliNgokujonga iimayikrofoni ezisasazwa kuyo yonke indawo, inkqubo inokuyibona inqanaba loxinzelelo lwesandi kunye nempendulo yamaza kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ngexesha langempela. Xa uxinzelelo lwesandi olunganelanga lufunyenwe kwindawo ethile, iprosesa iya kulungisa ngokuzenzekelayo imveliso yeyunithi yomgca ohambelanayo; Xa i-resonance ifunyenwe kwi-frequency ethile, i-equalizer iya kwenza i-processing ejoliswe kuyo. Olu phuculo lwexesha langempela luvumela indawo ukuba igcine amava okumamela angcono phantsi kwamazinga ahlukeneyo okuhlala kunye neemeko zemozulu.

Ngamafutshane,inkqubo yesandi yobungcaliiindawo ezinkulu zanamhlanje ziye zaguquka zaba "bubugcisa bokulawula" obuchanekileyo. Ngokusebenzisa ukukhomba ngokuchanekileyo izithethi zemigca, ukubala ngobuchule kweeprosesa, ukuqhuba okuzinzileyo kwee-amplifier zobungcali, ukuvumelanisa kwinqanaba le-millisecondabalandelelanisi bamandla, ukulungiswa kakuhle kwee-equalizers, ukhuseleko lwangempela lweabacimi bempendulo, uhlengahlengiso oluguquguqukayo lweemakrofoni ezikrelekrele, kunye nolawulo oluqondakalayo lwezixhobo zokuxuba isandi, le nkqubo isombulula ngempumelelo iingxaki ze-acoustic ezikhoyo kwiindawo ezinkulu. Ayikhulisi nje kuphela isandi, kodwa ikwabumba ngokuchanekileyo ukusasazwa kwesandi, ivumela ilungu ngalinye labaphulaphuli - nokuba likwisihlalo esiphambili esixabisekileyo okanye indawo engasemva efikelelekayo - ukuba libe namava okuva ahambelanayo. Oku akusiyo nje impumelelo yetekhnoloji, kodwa kukwayindlela engcono kakhulu yengcamango "yokulingana kwesandi", okwenza imisitho emikhulu ibe sisidlo senkcubeko esabelwana ngaso sisizwe siphela.