Amacandelo omsindo anokwahlulwa ngokungqongqo abe ngumthombo womsindo (umthombo wesignali) inxalenye, inxalenye yeamplifier yamandla kunye nenxalenye yesithethi kwi-hardware.

Umthombo womsindo: Umthombo womsindo yinxalenye yomthombo wenkqubo yomsindo, apho isandi sokugqibela sesithethi sivela khona.Imithombo ye-audio eqhelekileyo yile: abadlali be-CD, abadlali be-LP vinyl, abadlali bedijithali, iituneli zerediyo kunye nezinye izixhobo zokudlala okuvakalayo.Ezi zixhobo ziguqula okanye zithobe imiqondiso ye-audio kwimidiya yokugcina okanye kwizikhululo zerediyo zibe yimiqondiso ye-analog yomsindo ngokuguqulwa kwe-digital-to-analog okanye i-demodulation output.

I-amplifier yamandla: I-amplifier yamandla inokwahlulwa ibe yinqanaba langaphambili kunye nenqanaba elingasemva.Inqanaba langaphambili liqhubela phambili umqondiso ovela kumthombo womsindo, kubandakanywa kodwa kungaphelelanga ekutshintsheni igalelo, ukukhulisa kwangaphambili, ukulungiswa kwethoni kunye neminye imisebenzi.Injongo yayo ephambili kukwenza i-impedance yemveliso yomthombo womsindo kunye ne-impedance yegalelo lenqanaba elingasemva lihambelana nokunciphisa ukugqwesa, kodwa inqanaba langaphambili alikho ikhonkco eliyimfuneko ngokupheleleyo.Inqanaba elingasemva kukukhulisa amandla emveliso yomqondiso ngenqanaba langaphambili okanye umthombo wesandi ukuqhuba inkqubo yesandisi-lizwi ukukhupha isandi.

I-Loudspeaker (isithethi): Iiyunithi zomqhubi we-loudspeaker yi-transducer ye-electro-acoustic, kwaye zonke iindawo zokucwangcisa umqondiso ekugqibeleni zilungiselelwe ukunyuswa kwesandisi-lizwi.Isignali yomsindo eyandisiweyo ihambisa ikhowuni yephepha okanye i-diaphragm ngokusebenzisa i-electromagnetic, piezoelectric okanye i-electrostatic effect ukuze iqhube umoya ojikelezayo ukwenza isandi.Isithethi yitheminali yayo yonke inkqubo yesandi.