1. Isithethi sikazibuthe sinozibuthe onondoqo wentsimbi oshukumayo phakathi kweepali ezimbini zemagnethi esisigxina.Xa kungekho okwangoku kwikhoyili ye-electromagnetic, undoqo wentsimbi oshukumayo utsalwa ngumtsalane wenqanaba lenqanaba lezibonda ezimbini zemagnethi esisigxina kwaye uhlala umile embindini;Xa i-current iqukuqela kwikhoyili, umbindi wentsimbi oshukumayo uba nemagnethi kwaye ube ngumazibuthe webar.Ngokutshintsha kwesalathiso sangoku, i-polarity yemagnethi yebar nayo iyatshintsha ngokuhambelanayo, ukuze intsimbi eshukumayo ijikeleze ijikeleze i-fulcrum, kwaye ukungcangcazela kombindi wentsimbi oshukumayo ugqithiselwa ukusuka kwi-cantilever ukuya kwi-diaphragm (icone yephepha) ukuya tyhala umoya ukuze ungcangcazele ngokushushu.

2. Isithethi se-Electrostatic Sisithethi esisebenzisa amandla e-electrostatic afakwe kwi-capacitor plate.Ngokubhekiselele kwisakhiwo sayo, ikwabizwa ngokuba sisithethi se-capacitor kuba i-electrode efanelekileyo kunye ne-negative ichasene nomnye.Izinto ezimbini ezingqingqwa kunye nezilukhuni zisetyenziswa njengamacwecwe angatshintshiyo, anokuhambisa isandi kwiiplate, kwaye ipleyiti ephakathi yenziwe ngezinto ezincinci kunye nezilula njenge-diaphragms (ezifana ne-aluminium diaphragms).Lungisa kwaye uqinise kwi-diaphragm kwaye ugcine umgama omde ukusuka kwipali esisigxina.Nakwi-diaphragm enkulu, ayiyi kungqubana nepali esisigxina.
3. Izithethi ze-piezoelectric Isithethi esisebenzisa i-inverse piezoelectric effect ye-piezoelectric materials sibizwa ngokuba sisithethi se-piezoelectric.Isiganeko sokuba i-dielectric (efana ne-quartz, i-potassium tartrate ye-sodium kunye nezinye i-crystals) i-polarized phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo, ebangela ukuba umehluko okhoyo phakathi kweziphelo ezimbini zomphezulu, obizwa ngokuba yi "piezoelectric effect".Umphumo wayo ochaseneyo, oko kukuthi, i-elastic deformation ye-dielectric ebekwe kwindawo yombane, ibizwa ngokuba yi "inverse piezoelectric effect" okanye "electrostriction".